ReEntry Census Santa Fe New Mexico 1693

“Some of the original refugees aren’t here with us because as far back as 1682 many received permission to leave the refugee colony and move south. Others left without permission.” Padre Farfán explained, placing quills, ink and precious paper on the wooden table brought from his wagon just for the census. Paper was brought all the way from Spain by ship, then through the desert in wagons. Brent examined the ink horn as he took it from Padre’s hand. It was part of a deer antler hollowed out, and the plug was whittled from a piece of wood. He recognized it from those strapped over men’s shoulders in other times, but had not realized what it was.
“As you begin to run low on ink, you must add water to make it stretch; we won’t have more until the next wagon train comes in next year.”
“But that makes it harder to read than ever,” Lynae complained.
“Yes, but it is better to write down the information in some form, than run out of ink and have no record at all. Brent, sprinkle this sand over each page as it is filled, to dry the ink. Then put the pages into this book. I will be back to get them, and the books will all be stored in safe vaults in the church archives.”

“Why is it so important to keep such records, Padre?”
“I don’t know, but I feel strongly that it is important somehow to keep detailed records, not just of the births and deaths, but the names and families of the colonists. The legal records have been kept just as carefully in the courts. So much information was lost when the records were burned during the revolt. There is a scripture in the book of “Malachi” in the Old Testament mandating the hearts of the children must be turned to the fathers, lest the earth be smitten with a curse. We’ve had all the curses this old man can stand. This is the only way I have of following that directive.”
“Brent, you’re only supposed to write the names -- not the entire family gossip registrar.” Lynae fussed.
“Well, when Fray Angelico Chávez[1] begins his work, maybe my notes will be of some help to him. He has a big job ahead of him, just reading our hen scratches will be a challenge! Besides, I don’t think anyone will be reading these until he does. So I just want to be sure he knows who our ancestors are, so I underlined the ones I know are on our pedigree.“
”Well, it looks like you underlined about all of them. “
”Yup. They are all great, great ancestors.”
“Well, I don’t think you should have included the family gossip. Grandma Lucy says “it’s not good to air dirty laundry’. “It’s OK, Lynae. People can just skip on ahead if they want, like we do reading the ‘begats’ in the Bible.

Manuel Baca, surviving brother of Ignacio and José returned to Santa Fé in 1693 with his wife, María de Salazar, and a growing family. Soon after, he established himself at Bernalillo on lands that had belonged to his father, Cristóbal Baca. There in 1699, he gave his age as forty, and had a post Reconquest daughter in 1702. In 1716, he gathered forty Queres Indians for the Moqui Campaign and also led the Albuquerque contingent. The Indians of the three Queres Pueblos of Cochiti, Santo Domingo and San Felipe complained more than once of the mistreatment they received from him and his sons; for this cause he was deprived of the alcaldia of Cochiti in 1718, and sentenced to go on the next two forays against infidel Indians. Both he and his wife were dead by 1727.
Manuel Baca's sons were Antonio, Juan Antonio, Diego Manuel, and Cristòbal. Daughters: Maria Magdalena, who married José Vasquez de Lara in 1694; Juana and Josefa (who though unmarried, have prominent descendants; a second Maria Magdalena, born on June 4, 1702, married Diego Antonio Montoya and then Juan Marquez in 1735, by whom she was murdered in 1740.
Juan Antonio Baca, second son of Antonio Baca and María Aragon, who were married at Bernalillo on June 12, 1706. María died on September 1, 1751, and Antonio died ten years later, December 4, 1761, leaving one son and seven daughters.
Juan Antonio Baca, married María Gallegos at Bernalillo on August 2, 1716, and had one daughter Teodora. After María died, his second marriage was to Petronila Garcia Jurado and they had two children: Juan Francisco and Rafaela, who became the wife of Diego de Torres and then married Baltasar Baca.
Juana Baca, daughter of Manuel Baca y Maria de Salazar, had two daughters, Juana "la moza" who married Francisco Durán y Chávez, and Antonia, who became the second wife of his brother, Antonio Durán y Chávez.
Josefa Baca had six natural children, all surnamed Baca. Antonio, Jose Domingo, Manuel, Rosa, and Isabel, who married Francisco Padilla.
Antonio Baca, eldest son of Josefa Baca, married Mónica de Chávez in Albuquerque, June 16, 17 -- two children: Juan Antonio and Barbara Antonio.
Diego Domingo Baca, married Juana Chávez in 1736. He was the third son of Josefa Baca. They had twelve children.
Manuel Baca married Feliciana Chávez, daughter of Antonio Duran y Chávez and Antonia Baca, February 22, 1946. He seems to be the forth son of Josefa Baca and lived several years at Laguna Pueblo as Alcalde Mayor. His children were: Antonio Vicente, born March 28, 1748; Narcisa, born November 19, 1750; José Antonio born April l8, 1753; María de la Luz who married Pedro Sánchez, Oct 25, 1761; María Josefa, married to José Silva, Oct 1787; and Antonia, who became the wife of Antonio Sedillo, July 1, 1770.
Bernabe Baca is often mentioned after the Reconquest, but is not known who his parents were. He is possibly the Bernabe Jorge not heard of again as such, to whom Vargas granted the Pueblo Viejo at La Cienega in 1701. On May 28, 1718, he married Margarita Baca (Mata). He was Alcalde Mayor of Acoma and Laguna in the third decade of the century, and very unpopular with the Indians and missionaries.
His son, Baltasar Baca, was as unpopular as his father as Alcalde Mayor of the Lagunas. Baltasar married Manuela Rael de Aguilar July 17, 1739 and they had six children: José Francisco, Laureano, Miguel Heremenegildo, María Isabel, Juana Leocadia and Juana Vita. After her death, Baltasar married his second cousin, Rafaela Baca, the widow of Diego de Torres, and they had one daughter, Micaela, who married Antonio Jose Ortíz II. José and Bartola had 5 children: Bernardo, (possible ancestor) José María Antonia, Isidro, and Juan Antonio.
Bernardo and María Lobato had a child, María Josefa Rita; perhaps married a second time had three children by Anastasia Griego: María Martina, February 21, 1799, Policárpio January 29, 1802, and José María, December 20, 1803.
Luís María Cabeza De Baca was born in Santa Fe, the eldest son of Juan Antonio Baca and María Romero. According to Twitchell he and his father had come to New Mexico in the early part of the century, being descendants of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca. However his parents belonged to the one and only Baca family descended from Cristóbal Baca, of Oñate's colony.
Juan Anotonio Baca was the son of Antonio Baca and Monica de Chávez. He married María Romero on September 17, 1753. She was the daughter of Antonio Romero and Nicolasa del Castillo, both natives of New Mexico. Both were still alive with two sons and two daughters still living with them; he gave his age as sixty-eight, and she as sixty-two. Their known children were all plain Bacas:
Luis María, born October 26, 1754; Bernardo Antoni. Oct 22, 1757; José María, April 27, 1761; José Miguel, June 16, 1765; José Manuel, January 10, 1767; Juan Esteban, December 31, 1768; and Manuel Jose Maria, April 8, 1776. Three known daughters were: Anotonia de la trinidad, who married Juan Bautista Gonzalez, in 1777; María Magdalena who sued a Gallegos youth but married Cristobal Pantaleon Romero the following year; and María Josefa, who in the same year married Manual Anotonio Sánchez. Of Luís María's brothers, Bernardo Antonio married María José Quintana in 1781; José Miguel married Juan María Baca;and José Manuel married Maris Guadalupe Sanches on the same day his sister María Joséfa married his bride's brother.
Now to Louis María's change of name and his family:
"Luis María Cabeza de Baca" thus signed his name in l703, while his brother signed "José Miguel Baca" during an investigation regarding the death at La Cienega of a Salvador Armijo, allegedly killed by Apaches. Armijo was the guardian of their late brother Bernardo's children and property.
Don Fernando Durán y Chaves II Hurtado and four small children was the only member of the large Durán y Chaves clan to return with his family at the time of the Reconquest. During the l680-83 exile at Guadalupe del Paso he took part in the futile Oterman Expedition and was one of the regidores of the colony, and with the arrival of Governor Vargas he became one of his counselors. In the grand Entrada into Santa Fe, December 16, 1693, don Fernano led with the Royal Standard as Real Alferez, but soon after moved to the ancestral lands at Bernalillo. Here and at San Felipe Pueblo he maneuvered the colonists and Indians to forestall disaster during the uprising of l696. He vanquished the Jemez Indians at San Diego Canyon when they fled into the Navajo country. Governor Vargas became ill during an Apache campaign in the Sandias in l704, and was carried to Bernalillo where he made his will and died, presumably in the Chaves house, for don Fernando and his eldest son, Bernardo, signed as official witnesses of the last will and testament.
His widow Lucia Hurtado de Salas, lived with some of her sons until her death on Feb 3, 1729. Their ten children are named in their father’s will in this order:
Bernardo, Pedro, Antonio Isabel Francisco, Luis, Nicolas, María Catalina, and Pedro Gomez Durán. The four eldest had been born before l680 in the Sandia Bernallillo area, the rest at Guadalupe del Paso.
Before his marriage don Fernando had a natural daughter, Clara de Chaves, mother not known, who became the wife of Juan de la Mora Pineada. Of his three daughters married Jacinto Pelaez and then Baltasar de Mata; María, wife of Antonio de Ulibarri, died with no children.
Bernardo D. y Chaves born 1675, who signed the will of Vargas with his father in l704, remained with his wife and children at Bernalillo. He gave his age as 20 in l695. In 1705 when playing an Indian scare prank, he was accidentally shot and mortally wounded by a Gallegos cousin, leaving his young wife and three small children. He was buried on Nov. l9, 1705. The first one seems too old, the second entirely too young to be the father of Bernardo Vallejos scout the father be Bernardo Durán y Chávez. The name and age fit better.
Pedro Durán y Chaves married Juana Montoya on January 27, 1703. His was considered one of the “twelve founding families” of Albuquerque in 1705. In 1713 he was a squadron leader of the militia and conducted ex-Governor Feliz Martinez back to Mexico City; but he resigned in l717; because of illness; yet he is numbered among those who took part in the Moqui campaign of that year.
In March 1735, his estate was probated due to the fact that he was dying, having been out of his senses for some time. But he rallied enough to draw up his will, then died on December 7, 1735. After Bernardo's death he had come into possession of his father's will, but due to his illness it had passed into the hands of the next brother, Antonio, who was “absent from the Kingdom”, at his time.
Pedro had ten children by Juana Montoya named in his will:
Manuel, wife of Sebastian Marcelilno; Monica, wife of Antonio Baca, Josefa, married to Fransicso Sanchez Efigenia, wife of Jacinto Sanchez; Francisco Xavier; Quieteria; Juana and three minors who had been placed with their uncle, Francisco D. Y Chávez when Pedro married a second time. These minors were: Diego, Antonio, age twelve; María Luisa, age ten, and Eusebio, age eight.
Pedro's second wife was Gertrudis Sanches, by whom he had five children, one of them preceded him in death, but none are mentioned by name in the will. This marriage took place on January 12, 1720. The four living children are found elsewhere as follows: Salvador Manuel, born on June 9, 1731; José born on June 1, 1733, who married twice, lived in Bernalillo had many children, and was the José Chaves of new Mexico, killed by Apaches near El Paso, December 9, 1772. A daughter, not named, who married Antonio Gutierrez, and Pedro II, referred to years later as a son of old Pedro, who was therefore the fourth living child of this marriage.
Antonio Durán Y Chaves was ailing in 1705 when his father, don Fernando, asked for his position as commander of the soldiers at Atrisco, but in 1712 asked for his position as commander of the soldiers at Atrisco and he was perfectly healthy when engaged in fights with his father and brother Francisco against a certain individual. He first married Magdalena Montano, by whom he had at least two children: María, born in l707, and Fernando in l708. On March 23, 1718, after complicated dispensations were granted, Antonio, widowed of his first wife, married a cousin, Antonia Baca. Antonio died on May 12, 1728; his widow died many years after on February 15, 1770 at the age of seventy-five.
No wills by Antonio or his wife Antonia Baca are extant. The names of some of their sons, gathered from different sources, are as follows: Cristobal, Miguel, Joe Juan Antonio, Tomas, Francisco, and Santiago. Three know girls were: Felilciana who married Manuel Baca; Lucia and a wife of Felipe Romero and María who drowned in the Río del Norte at the age of eleven in l742.
Nicolas Durán y Chaves was twenty-four and a resident of Atrisco when he had at least one natural child, already four years old in l714 when he decided to marry the mother, Juana Montano, of Santa Fe. The wedding took place on July 20. She was the sister of two other Montano girls, Magdalena and Loenor, who were already married to his brothers Antonio and Luis. The men were second cousins of the women. Nicolas acquired much property south of Isleta, and appears in several land litigations. He made his last will on May 19, 1768, in which he gave the names of his parents and of his wife, followed by his eight sons and five daughters: José Gertrudis, Bernardo Luis, Fernando, Isabel, Antonio, María Francisca María Antonia, Juan, Vicent, María and Francisco. Of the girls Gertrudis married Francisco Silva, and María Antonia married Tadeo Romero and later a Domingo Baca. The sons are as follows; José married Luisa de Aragon, February 3, 1732; Bernardo married an Apache Indian, María Benavides, and then his first cousin’s widow, María Josefa Nuñez. Luis married Eduarda Yturrieta, April 20, 1747; Fernando married Antonia Sanchez; and Francisco married María Gertrudis Alvarez del Castillo, April 6, 1756.
Pedro Gomez Durán y Chávez was born when aging don Fernando must have been preoccupied with the past. For although he had an elder son already named "Pedro," this last child received the full name of don Fernando's grandfather, "Pedro Gomez Durán'" as his baptismal name. Later he was referred also as "Pedro de Chaves el Menor" or by the nickname of "Perico" (little Pedro) when living with the family at Atrisco. He was still there in l732, when he sold the lands of his inheritance to Bernabe Baca and to the widow of his brother Antonio. But three years later he was living in the Río Arriba country.
The marvelous growth of this family from a single source is due to the fact that each generation had more sons than daughters. With the Bacas and Armijos of the Rio Abajo the repetition of identical names among contemporaries makes it impossible to distinguish them one from another, except when a will, or some other document, proves some relationships. But there are not enough of these.
José Garcia Jurado was a native of Mexico city, the son of Fernando, 40 years old when he joined the l693 colonists with his family. He was tall, and a broad forehead and nose and small deep set eyes. His wife, Josefa de Herrera was thirty the daughter of Agustin Mazin and born in Oricana. Of medium height, she had big eyes, a low forehead and heavy eyebrows. They had two sons, both born in Puebla; Antonio seventeen with a high forehead, small eyes and a scar beneath the chin; and Ramon, thirteen with a broad face, large eyes small nose and a scar on the left cheek. The older boy ran away before the journey started north from Zacatecas. Old José was much mistreated by Governor Valverde; by l702 he was in Mexico City, representing the Council of Santa Fé against Valverde's confirmation as Governor.
Ramon Garcia Jurado (born 1679) carried on his father's feud, for as late as l723 he also was at the Vicegal Court presenting grievances against the Bustamante-Valverde clique. He had married Antonia de Espinola in Santa Fé May 4; 1697, when he was eighteen, Here he gave José GarciaJurado as his father, but María Rodriguez de Alava as his mother; hence, Josefa de Herrera in the Velasco list must have been his step-mother, and may explain his elder brother running away from the colony.
Ramon and Antonia had one daughter, Petronila, who became the wife of Pedro Asencio Lopez and later of Juan Antonio Baca. After his first wife's death, Ramon married Bernardina Hurtado at Albuquerque in 1710. He was Alferez Real in the Moqui campaign of 1716. As alcalde of Bernalillo and nearby Pueblos in 1732, he was accused by the Padres and others of mistreating the Indians. On August 5, 1709, he carved his name on Inscription Rock, while on the way to Zuni. He died on April 6, 1760, at the age of 80. The known children by his second wife were Pedro Alcantara, born Feb 2, 1711, who married Manuel Quintana, Feb 25, 1732. Ramon II who married Andrea Gallegos, and then Rosalia Baca, but had no surviving children when he died in l768. Torbio married Brigida Vallejo in l766; and Teresa, born on January 1, 1727. Brigida's parents Bernardo Vallejo and Francisca Silva, born Oct 11, 1728.
Pedro Varela Jaramillo died at Guadalupe del Paso, but his sons, Cristóbal and Juan came back to New Mexico in l693 to resettle their ancestral lands in the Río Abajo.
Cristobal Varela Jaramillo (1674) Juan Varela Jaramillo son of captain Pedro Varela Jaramillo, deceased, and Lucia de Madrid, said that he was born in New Mexico and was 21 years of age when he married Isabel de Cedillo at the Real de San Lorenzo, February 11, 1692, age 50 in 1719. Right after the Reconquest he settled in Bernalillo with his brother Cristóbal, but both later moved to Albuquerque, as may be seen in the baptisms of some of their children. His known children were Josefa, born on Feb 21, 1901; Juana October 30 1704; Teresa, October 21, 1708; and Francisca Antonia, June 24, 1710. Their son Pedro who married Juana Gonzalez Bas in 1716, must have been older than these girls. Pedro Asencio Lopez was involved in a fracas with Nicolas D. y Cháves in 1719, from which some of his family relationships are known. In this same year he married Petronila Garcia Jurado who later married Juan Antonio Baca.
Agustin Lujan of unknown parentage, was a Santa Fé Soldier who married María Luisa Perea, widow of Miguel Maese, in 1701. She is mentioned in a hexing incident and also as the sister of Catalina Varela, wife of Martin Hurtado.
Baltasar de Mata married Isabel de Chaves, widow of Jacinto Pelaez, in 1705. They had two children: Pedro, born August 12, 1708, and Margarita, October 30, 1705, who became the wife of Bernabe Baca.
Juan Antonio Montano de Soto Mayor and his wife, Isabel Jorge de Vera, returned with Vargas in 1693 to settle in Santa Fe; after her husband's death, Isabel moved to the Rio Abajo.
José Montaño living in Santa Fe, was twenty years old in 1695. He married María de Cuellar and went to live in the Río Abajo, where in 1715 he wounded a man, because of jealousy, at the home of his mother-in-law, than married to Tomas García. He was still living in 1713 when he and María were sponsors for a child of his sister Juana and Nicolas de Chaves. In 1750 he trespassed on Almeda Pueblo lands and was fined by Governor Gachupin. He is probably the José Montaño who died a muerte violenta: at Tomé, June 29, 1756.
Antonio Montoya, son of Andres Hurtado, brother of Martín Hurtado along with his wife, were witnesses for the wedding of Andres Hurtado, her brother and Antonio Dominguez at Guadalupe del Paso in 1689.
Diego Montoya went to live in the Indian occupied city of Santa Fé as soon as the colonists arrived there in 1693. But warned beforehand of the impending rebellion, December 27, he left to join the others in the camp outside the walls. Two or three years later he moved down to Bernalillo with other old settlers who preferred the Río Abajo. Diego and his wife, Josefa de Hinojos, had at least five children: Salvador, who married Manuela García de la Riva Juana, first wife of Pedro Durán y Chaves; Antonio, who married Bernarda Baca; Isabel, wife of Miguel de San Juan; and another girl whose name is not known, who was the second wife of Baltazsar Romero.
Juans de Perea came to New Mexico from Guadalupe del Paso with the Reconquest colonists. He and his wife were nuptial witnesses at Santa Fé in 1694. He was a soldier a "native of New Mexico" and thirty years old in 1697. His wife, Aldonsa Verela and he were both dead by 1701, when their daughter María Luisa, widow of Miguel Maese, married Agustin Lujan. Other known daughters were Catalina, the wife of Martín Hurtado, and another girl apparently the wife of Antonio Lucero de Godoy.
Miguel De Quintana came with the colonists of 1693. He was born in Mexico City the son of José, and was 22 years old; he had a round face, small forehead, large eyes, and a hole (dimple) in the chin.[2]
Pedro and Jacinot Sanches de Inigo were two natives of New Mexico, evidently brothers, who escaped in the 1680 Indian massacre as minors, and returned to re-settle New Mexico in 1693. Or else they were born at Guadlupe del Paso which was considered then a part of New Mexico.
Pedro Sanchez de Inigo was born in New Mexico the natural son of Ana Juana López married January 8, 1692, to Leonor Baca at El Real de San Lorenzo. A Francisca Sanchez de Inigo, the wife of Captain Juan García de Noriega, was most likely his sister. He could well be Pedro Lopez de Yniquez who was soldiering at Guadalupe del Paso prior to the reconquest. Pedro first settled in the Río Arriba area, and in l696 his wife was killed by the Indians of San Ildefonso along with her mother, a brother, and her two children.
Jacinto Sanchez de Inigo was also a native of New Mexico who was 22 years old in l685 when he tried to run away from the exile colony with Juan Dominguez de Mendoza. He was first married to Isabel Telles Ajiron. After her death in Santa Fé he married María Rodarte de Castro Xabalera in 1696. Here his parents’ names were not known. The bride was a native of Sombreretse, the daughter of Miguel de Castro Xabalera y Juana Guerroero, or de Herrera. He gave his age as 35 in 1697, saying that he was a native of New Mexico. In 1703 he received a grant of land on the Río del Norte on the east side opposite Cochiti Pueblo. In 1713 he was Alcalde Mayor de Santa Cruz, but not considered too competent by the Governor; here he was mentioned together with Pedro Sánchez. In 1715 he asked for a permit to visit outside New Mexico with his son Francisco. On his return he settled down in the Río Abajo district.
In 1728 Jacinto led an unauthorized small expedition into the Moqui country, but by 1734 both he and his wife were dead; she was sixty at the time of her death on May 13, and he was more than fifty when he died on Dec 14, of the same year.
Known children by *Isabel Telles Jiron were: José who married Terest Jaramillo; then Francisca Guerrero de la Mora; and Ana Juana Isabel, who married Manuel Montoya in January 1705. These three are recalled together in 1763. Children by his second wife were: Francisco who married Josefa Chávez,

Francisco Sanchez and Josefa de Chaves had the following children: Juan Cristóbal born in September 21, 1726, married Juana de Chaves, Sept 24, 1758. María Barbara, born December 26, 1730 married Joaquin Piño in 1763. Teresa, wife of Mateo José Pino; Diego Antonio, married Ana María Alavarez del Castillo April 6, 1756. Marco, husband of Margarita Valdes; and Joaquin, married Ana María Padilla in 1769.
Bernardo Vallejo was a natural son of Pedro Durán y Chaves II, bachelor son of old Pedro D. y Chaves, perhaps by a Vallejo girl. Bernardo married Francisca Silva, by whom he had several children: Brigida, born October 11, 1728, married her second cousin Torbidio Garcia Jurado in 1766; María Feliciana, March 5, 1731; Manuela February 8, 1742; and Luis August 28, 1744.Jacinto Varela was the son of Juan Varela, brother of Luisa Varela; he married Valentina Gonzalez and had the following children: Gregorio, March 19, 1734 who married Juan Catalina Torres May 6, 1759; María Pacheco, March 19, 1766. Magdalena, September 4, 1741; Josefa, wife of Tomas Montoya and Antonio who married Gertrudis.
[1] Fray Angelico Chávez, compiled notes from church and archive records included in many of his books on New Mexico families and history. These names can be found in alphabetical order in Origins of New Mexico Families, and are his original research, not Brent’s.
[2] Eliseo Baca wrote a margin note in Origins "trace that dimple"